Machine Vision

机器视觉（工业视觉）Common

Using cameras and software on a factory floor to automatically inspect, measure, identify, and guide robots.

Machine vision refers to using cameras, lenses, light sources, processors, and image-processing software on a factory floor to automate inspection, measurement, recognition, and localization — turning an image directly into an actionable conclusion such as ‘pass or fail’ or ‘the part is here.’ Typical applications include appearance defect detection and sorting, dimensional measurement, code reading, and visual guidance that gives a robot arm a workpiece's position and orientation. Its relationship to computer vision is that CV is the academic field studying image understanding, while machine vision is more systems-engineering focused, emphasizing lighting design, cycle time, and long-term stability, often relying on rule-based algorithms with deep learning as a supplement rather than the core. As 3D cameras have become widespread, 3D-vision-guided bin picking and part feeding have become common configurations on industrial robots, and machine vision is also the reference point embodied AI has to reckon with as it moves into factories.

ExampleOn a production line, a camera photographs each part as it passes, and software judges whether it has scratches and triggers rejection; at the next station, a 3D camera identifies the pose of parts piled randomly in a bin and guides a robot arm to pick them up one by one for loading.

Also called: Industrial Vision, Industrial Machine Vision
Related: Computer Vision · 3D Vision-Guided Robotics · Bin Picking · Quality Inspection · Structured Light · Mech-Mind Robotics
Sources: Machine vision - Wikipedia